Percentage Calculator
Calculate percentages, percentage change, and percentage difference with step-by-step explanations.
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Understanding Percentages
A percentage is a number or ratio expressed as a fraction of 100. It is often denoted using the percent sign, "%". Percentages are used to express how large or small one quantity is relative to another quantity.
Common Percentage Calculations
- What is X% of Y? Multiply Y by X/100. Example: 25% of 200 = 200 × 0.25 = 50
- X is what % of Y? Divide X by Y and multiply by 100. Example: 50 is (50/200) × 100 = 25% of 200
- Percentage Change: ((New - Old) / |Old|) × 100. Shows increase or decrease.
- Percentage Difference: (|A - B| / ((A + B) / 2)) × 100. Compares two values without direction.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I calculate a percentage of a number?
To find X% of Y, multiply Y by X and divide by 100. For example, 25% of 200 = (200 × 25) / 100 = 50. Alternatively, convert the percentage to a decimal (25% = 0.25) and multiply: 200 × 0.25 = 50.
How do I calculate percentage change?
Percentage change = ((New Value - Old Value) / |Old Value|) × 100. For example, if a price changes from $80 to $100, the percentage change is ((100 - 80) / 80) × 100 = 25% increase.
What is the difference between percentage change and percentage difference?
Percentage change measures the change from one value to another (has direction: increase/decrease). Percentage difference measures the absolute difference between two values relative to their average (no direction, just magnitude).
How do I find what percent one number is of another?
To find what percent X is of Y, divide X by Y and multiply by 100. For example, 50 is what percent of 200? Answer: (50 / 200) × 100 = 25%.